ATMOSPHERE AND THEIR LAYERS

ATMOSPHERE

An envelope of gases surrounding the planet/any celestial body is called as atmophere.

LAYERS OF ATMOPHERE =

TROPOSPHERE :-

Tropos = Vertical movement of air/mixing of air.
This is only layer of atmosphere where we find vertical movement of air.
This layer have 100% moisture in air.
The temperature decrease in the troposphere is called the Environment Lapse Rate.
Thickness of Troposphere :
16 Km on tropic/equitor region
9 Km on poles
aThe thickness of troposhpere is more at equitor than the pole region.
At the equitor region the solar radiations heats directly the surface. The air present at that region gets warm and moves upward direction.
At the pole region the solar radiation heats slintly the surface. The air present at that region does not gets as warm as the air present at the equitor region. The air present at poles is cold therefore the air does not move as much as far upward direction.
At the height of 13 Km troposphere have zone of transition and it is known as Tropopause(Upper limit).

STRATOSPHERE :-

Stratification = Formation of layer
No vertical mixing of air present at this layer.
In this region temperature is constant for first 20 Km and then rapidly increases because of Ozone.
The maximum concentration exists between 15 to 30 Km.
The UV radiations releases from sun is absorbed by the stratospheric ozone. That result into increase in temperature.
The ozone present in the stratosphere is term as a Good Ozone.
Because the ozone absorbs UV radiations which are very harmful to living beings.
The layer of stratosphere is considered as ideal for flying the air crafts for long distance.
Because the layer of stratosphere is thin and it do not have any climatic phenomenon (no clouds, no moisture, no windy conditions, etc.).

MESOSPHERE :-

In mesosphere temperature decreases again.
In this reason we have coldest temperature about -90 degree celcius.
Mesosphere have sufficent thickness.
From Troposphere to Exosphere thickness goes on decreases. Troposphere is thick and Exosphere is very thin.
Meteors comes to the earth is burn up in the region of Mesosphere, because meteros experiences the friction between atmosphere and its own.
Above the Mesosphere the upper layers have low thikness.
Above the Mesosphere the temperature goes on increasing.

THERMOSPHERE :-

This layer extends outward from the mesopause and has no well-defined upper limt.
It has temperature about 1000 degree celcius.
In this region the process of photoionisation is takes place.
Due to the process of photoionisation we found a layer named as an IONOSPHERE with in the Thermosphere.

PHOTOIONISATION :

The process of formation of ions from elements or compounds due to the incoming photons or solar radiation is known as Photoionisation.

IONOSPHERE :

This layer present in thermosphere.
It have ions which formed by photoionisation.
This ions helps in the long distance radio communication.
The long distance radio communication is takes place during day due to the process of photoionisation.

EXOSPHERE :-

Education